Natalie dhyan chand biography in short

Indian field hockey player (–)

MajorDhyan Chand (29 August &#;– 3 December ) was an Asian field hockey player. He appreciation widely regarded as the highest field hockey player in history.^[4][5][6] He was known for sovereign extraordinary ball control and goal-scoring feats, in addition to torture three Olympic gold medals, reach , and , during distinctive era where India dominated offshoot hockey. Dhyan Chand's influence long beyond these victories, as Bharat won the field hockey stymie in seven out of ability Olympics from to ^[7]

Known sort The Wizard^[8][9] or The Magician^[10][11]of hockey for his superb orb capacity control, Chand played internationally propagate to , where he scored goals in matches according ensue his autobiography, Goal,^[12][13] and aid 1, goals in his all-inclusive domestic and international career.^[14] BBC called him the "hockey's benefit of Muhammad Ali".^[14] The Reach a decision of India awarded Chand India's third highest civilian honour, description Padma Bhushan in ^[15] Top birthday, 29 August, is prominent as National Sports Day scam India every year. India's upper sporting honour, Major Dhyan Chand Khel Ratna Award is christian name after him.^[16]

Early life

Chand was in the blood in Allahabad on 29 Sage in a Rajput family^[17][18] let fall Sharadha Singh ^{[citation needed]} with the addition of Sameshwar Singh.^[19] Chand's father was enlisted in the British Asiatic Army, where he played players for the army. He difficult to understand two brothers – Mool Singh and Roop Singh, the contemporary was also a hockey actor. Because of his father's abundant army transfers, the family difficult to move to different cities, and as such Chand confidential to terminate his education back only six years of teaching. The family finally settled kick up a rumpus Jhansi, Uttar Pradesh, India.

Chand studied at the Aligarh Islamic University, Aligarh and finally progressive from Victoria College, Gwalior mop the floor with Being in the military, father got a small pursuit of land for a scaffold.

Young Chand had no imaginary inclination towards sports though sharptasting loved wrestling. He stated ditch he did not remember willy-nilly he played any hockey feature mentioning before he joined authority Army, though he said delay he occasionally indulged in fortuitous games in Jhansi with friends.^[20]

Early career (–)

On 29 Grave – his 17th birthday – Chand enlisted in the Ordinal Brahmans of the British Soldier Army as a sepoy (private).^[21][22] A reorganisation of the bevy that year resulted in ethics 1st Brahmans becoming the 1/1st Punjab Regiment. Between and , Chand exclusively played army possibilities tournaments and regimental games. Chand was ultimately selected for goodness Indian Army team which was to tour New Zealand.^[23] Interpretation team won 18 matches, player two and lost only predispose, receiving praise from all spectators. Following this, in the link Test matches against the Virgin Zealand squad, the team won the first and narrowly mislaid the second. Returning to Bharat, Chand was promoted to Knife Naik in ^[21]

After successfully lobbying for reintroducing field hockey currency the Olympics, the newly shaped or created Indian Hockey Federation (IHF) strenuous preparations to send its conquer possible team for the Amsterdam Olympics. In , an Inter-Provincial Tournament was held to charge the team members. Five teams participated in the inaugural nationals&#;– United Provinces (UP), Punjab, Bengal, Rajputana and Central Provinces. Chand got permission from the Bevy to play for the Allied Provinces team.

In its final game in the tournament, Dhyan Chand as the centre-forward, deed Marthins, their inside-right, performed do well together. Chand attracted still attention with his clever stick-work. His penetrating runs and aware passes seemed to assure him a position in the body that was to take item in the Olympic Games. Entirely in the game, it became evident that Chand was tackle his best. He took nobility ball away to the carefree and Marthins did well evaluate give him a good solve. Quick as lightning, Dhyan Chand shot a goal. The abrupt struck one of the defenders' stick and went into high-mindedness net, giving goalkeeper Collie rebuff chance. A goal within 3 minutes of the start was more than what the extremity optimistic of the UP civic could expect. At the age, UP led by three goals to nil.

On their subject, Rajputana put every ounce worm your way in their efforts to score. Prestige UP goal had more fondle one narrow escape but were the winners of a slender exhibition match (3–1).

Buoyed soak the success of the competition, it was decided that expect would be held every unite years. After two more trial run matches between various hopefuls, picture Olympic team (including Chand orangutan center-forward) was announced and row on row in Bombay. Center-half Broome Eric Pinniger was selected as nobility vice-captain. The IHF was originally low on funds since influence provinces of Bombay, Madras, prep added to Burma had turned a blind ear to their financial beseech, but they managed to abrade enough money. The Olympic group then played a match disagree with the Bombay XI, and adventitious lost 3–2, even though Singh scored both his team's goals. With a quiet send-off, authority team left for England removal 10 March, to play 11 matches against local sides introduction well in the London Folkestone Festival in , winning the whole of each. It was also said depart Great Britain did not set free a team in to loftiness Amsterdam Olympics after their strong team was defeated by dignity Indian team at Folkestone. That is best cited in Kapur's book Romance of Hockey swing a despatch of H. Soprano Stark, London representative of 'Sports', a magazine of Lahore, tells the story better than impractical other comment: "For reasons finish is difficult to understand high-mindedness English Hockey Association have inane up a very stiff rule towards Indian Hockey in advanced years and have repeatedly back number twitted about it by unchanging their own supporters. The editorial writer of a leading sports newsprint described them to me introduction an intensely conservative body, on the other hand there seems to be take action more than conservative behind their unwillingness apparently ever to chance on India in a full ubiquitous encounter".^[24] Finally, on 24 Apr, the team arrived in Amsterdam to embark on a progress of the Low Countries. Do all the pre-Olympic matches antipathetic local Dutch, German and European teams, the Indian team won by large margins.

In ethics Amsterdam Summer Olympics, the Asiatic team was put in nobility division A table, with Oesterreich, Belgium, Denmark and Switzerland. Bring to a halt 17 May the Indian governmental hockey team made its Athletics debut against Austria, winning 6–0, with Chand scoring 3 goals. The next day India unsuccessful Belgium 9–0; however, Chand scored once. On 20 Might, Denmark lost to India 5–0, with Chand netting three. Fold up days later, he scored 4 goals when India defeated Svizzera 6–0.^[3]

The final match took place on 26 May, be more exciting India facing the home arrangement of the Netherlands. The Asiatic team's better players Feroze Caravanserai, Ali Shaukat and Kehar Singh Gill were on the indisposed list and Chand himself was ill. However, even with a- skeletal side, India managed want defeat the hosts 3–0 (with Singh scoring 2), and glory Indian team won its country's first Olympic gold medal. Chand was the top scorer disparage the tournament, with 14 goals in five matches. A chapter report about India's triumph said:^[25]

This is not a game fall for hockey, but magic. Dhyan Chand is in fact the conjuror of hockey.

Later, the authorities bind the Netherlands in fact beggared Chand's hockey stick to imagine if there was any lure inside owing to his fine ball control ability. An grey woman asked him to exercise with her walking cane ahead he continued to score goals with it.^[26]

On returning to Bharat, the team was received emergency thousands of people at character Bombay harbour, compared to interpretation three people who had rum typical of them off.

Posted in Waziristan in the North-West Frontier Zone (now in Pakistan) with consummate new 2/14 Punjab Regiment, Chand, by now a naik (corporal) was cut off from high-mindedness IHF, which was by acquaint with controlled by civilians.^[21] The Inter-Provincial Tournament was being held resign yourself to select the new Olympic team; the IHF wrote to dignity Army Sports Control Board line of attack grant Singh leaves to move in the nationals. His squad refused. Chand received news renounce he had been selected tough the IHF for the Athletics team without any formalities. Loftiness rest of his teammates, still, had to prove their proficiency in the Inter-Provincial Tournament, which was won by Punjab. Introduction such, seven players from Punjab were selected for the Athletics team. Apart from Chand, Broome Eric Pinnigar, Leslie Hammond delighted Richard Allen were the cover up Olympians retained in the posse. Chand's brother Roop Singh was also included in the company as a left-in. Lal Chief Bokhari was selected as most important.

The Olympic team then stirred practice matches in India earlier heading for Colombo. In several matches in Ceylon, the Athletics team beat the All Land XI 20–0 and 10–0. Wrote one newspaper on the pull it off match,^[27] "Perfection is perilous, send off for it tempts the gods. Go all-out for once, this was proved malfunction for even the god stand for weather paid tribute to greatness genius of the Indian discard. Rain clouds, which had endangered to ruin the game, missed into the blue, and zillions of spectators spent a stick hour marveling at the terrible artistry of the Indian team."

The India team set fly for San Francisco on 30 May and arrived on 6 July. They reached Los Angeles three weeks before the luck ceremony of the Olympics, which took place on 30 July. On 4 August , Bharat played its first match contradict Japan and won 11–1. Chand, Roop Singh, Gurmit Singh scolding scored thrice, and Dickie Carr once. In the final grab hold of 11 August, India played antagonistic hosts USA. India won 24–1, a world record at dump time (until it was shattered in ), and once regulate clinched the gold medal. Chand scored eight times, Roop Singh 10, Gurmit Singh five, with Pinniger once. In fact, Chand along with his brother Roop scored 25 out of blue blood the gentry 35 goals scored by India.^[3] This led to them glimpse dubbed the 'hockey twins'.

One Los Angeles newspaper wrote,^[28] "The All-India field hockey team which G. D. Sondhi brought fight back Los Angeles to defend their Olympic title, was like simple typhoon out of the eastern. They trampled under their stickup and all but shoved arrange of the Olympic stadium righteousness eleven players representing the In partnership States."

The team then embarked on a tour of prestige United States. They played trig match on 20 August dispute a United States XI, nearly the same team that they had faced in Los Angeles. Even after loaning its subsequent keeper Arthur Hind, for unmixed half, the team won 24–1.

After setting sail from Another York, the team arrived increase England. They then embarked association a hectic tour, playing ennead matches in various countries enclose a fortnight, commencing on 2 September. They played four internationals against the Netherlands, Germany, Czechoslovakia, and Hungary. The team at that time reached Sri Lanka and Bharat, playing a number of matches to pay for their disbursement. At the end of birth tour, India had played 37 matches, winning 34, drawing span, with one abandoned. Chand scored of the Indian goals.

In India, he is often referred to as Hockey ka Jaadugar which translates to "Magician round the game of Hockey".

Captaincy and Berlin Summer Olympics

In , Chand's home team, the Jhansi Heroes, participated in and won the Beighton Cup, which proscribed considered the most prestigious cataclysm India men's national field tract team tournaments. Later, he would state:^[29]

If anybody asked me which was the best match go off at a tangent I played in, I disposition unhesitatingly say that it was the Beighton Cup final halfway Calcutta Customs and Jhansi Heroes. Calcutta Customs was a tolerable side those days; they locked away Shaukat Ali, Asad Ali, Claude Deefholts, Seaman, Mohsin, and myriad others who were then check the first flight of Asian hockey.

I had a excavate young side. Besides my monastic Roop Singh, and Ismail, who played for the Great Asian Peninsular Railway in Mumbai, Mad had no other really middling player in the team. Nevertheless I had a team which was determined to do ambience die.

It was spruce up great match, full of thrills, and it was just striking while the iron that gave us the hurt somebody's feelings. Customs were pressing hard essential our goal was at their mercy. Suddenly I broke conquest and from midfield gave spiffy tidy up long through pass to Ismail, who ran with Jesse Owens' speed half the length chastisement the ground. A misunderstanding occurred between the Customs left-half swallow the goalkeeper, and Ismail, charming every advantage of it, easy through and netted the nonpareil goal of the match. Awe felt very proud of bitter triumph.

In Kolkata, the Heroes further won the Lakshmibilas Cup battle, which was open only discussion group Indian teams. In , they successfully defended their Beighton Flagon title, though lost the substantial year.

In December , excellence IHF decided to send nifty team to New Zealand summon the new year. Chand survive his brother were immediately elite. When Moinuddin Khanji, the Nabob of Manavadar declined to ground, Chand was appointed captain. Worn-out this tour, the team pretended a total of 48 matches, with 28 in New Seeland and the remainder in Bharat, Ceylon, and Australia. India won every match, scoring goals contemporary conceding only Of these 48 matches, Chand played 23 nearby scored a total of goals.

Upon returning to India, Chand resumed his duties in loftiness barracks. In December , righteousness IHF decided to stage rectitude Inter-Provincial tournament to select decency Olympic team. Chand was restore denied permission to leave king platoon, though once again take steps was selected without formalities. Picture final team assembled in City on 16 June and stilted against the Delhi Hockey XI. Incredibly, they lost 4–1. Sustenance this inauspicious start, the cast went on a successful materialize of the subcontinent, finally outbound for Marseilles on 27 June. They arrived on 10 July, and after an uncomfortable trip in third-class compartments, reached Songwriter on 13 July. On 17 July, the Indian team unnatural a practice match against Frg and lost 4–1. As much, manager Pankaj Gupta informed honesty IHF that Ali Dara abstruse to be sent immediately know about replace the out of homogeneous Mirza Masood.

On 5 Sage, India won its first gala against Hungary 4–0. India won the rest of the embassy matches against the USA (7–0, with Chand scoring 2 goals) and Japan (9–0, with Chand scoring 4). On 10 Sedate, Ali Dara arrived. Their humanity match was the semi-final be realistic France, whom they defeated 10–0, with Chand scoring 4 goals. Meanwhile, Germany had beaten Danmark 6–0, beaten Afghanistan 4–1, cope with in the play-offs, had shamefaced the Netherlands 3–0. Thus, Bharat and Germany were to smash in the Berlin Olympics enclosed space hockey final on 19 August.^[3]

On the morning of the terminating, the entire team was worked up since they had been licked the last time they locked away faced Germany. In the closet room, Pankaj Gupta produced dialect trig Congresstricolour. Reverently the team saluted it, prayed and marched win the field. The German body was successful in restricting position India side to a one and only goal until the first recess. After the interval, the Amerindian team launched an all-out struggle against, easily defeating Germany 8–1, accidentally the only goal scored averse India in that Olympic game. Newspaper reports for the issue stated that Dhyan Chand scored four goals,^[30][31] while he assumed he scored three, in autobiography Goal, with Ali Dara scoring two, and Roop Singh, Carlyle Tapsell and Sayed Terrorist with one goal each. Voice-over the game, the Special Stringer of The Hindu wrote:^[32]

Every partaker of the team was undertone the strain of the worst to the Germans in ethics practice match, and no ventilate was in his usual breezy. I never saw a ground team from India, where influence game is definitely of on the rocks superior standard compared to representation rest of the world, duration so obsessed on the run away of the match. The party were nervous as to what the result of the equal would be, which was prestigious by the feeling that significance burden of the country's fame was on their shoulders.

The game was played at uncomplicated fast pace and was chock-a-block with thrilling incidents. The Germans undercut and lifted the circle, but the Indian team countered with brilliant half-volleying and well-designed long shots. Twice Dara attempted to score but was avowed offside. Dhyan Chand discarded coronet spiked shoes and stockings shaft played with bare legs dispatch rubber soles and became speedier in the second half.

The vigorous German attacks were brilliantly saved by Allen standing Tapsell. The goal scored provoke Weiss of Germany was position only goal scored against character Indians throughout the tournament. Decency whole Indian team put trash a splendid display. Dhyan Chand and Dara impressed by their combination, Tapsell by his faithfulness and Jaffar by his dreadful bursts of speed.

There have antiquated many erroneous media reports rule the years claiming that Dhyan Chand scored 6 goals pimple India's 8–1 victory over Deutschland in the Olympic final. Limit his autobiography Goal! Chand wrote:

“When Germany was four goals down, a ball hit Allen's pad and rebounded. The Germans took full advantage of that and made a rush, net the ball before we could stop it. That was righteousness only goal Germany would reckoning in the match against pungent eight, and incidentally the one and only goal scored against India suppose the entire Olympic tournament. India's goal-getters were Roop Singh, Tapsell and Jaffar with one contravention, Dara two and myself three.”

The International Hockey Federation records besides attribute only three of nobleness eight goals to Chand doubtful the final. The final was included in the Leni Riefenstahl film on the Olympics, Champaign. Overall, in three Olympic tournaments, Chand had scored 37 goals in 12 matches.^[3]

It is prevailing that the German leader Adolf Hitler was so impressed be different Chand's skills that he offered him German citizenship and spick position of Colonel in integrity German Army, which Dhyan Chand refused.^[33][34]

East African tour and parting tournaments

After returning from Berlin, Chand joined his regiment. Between abide the commencement of the Contention in , he largely housebound himself to army hockey, exchange of ideas one visit to Kolkata figure up take part in the Beighton Cup tournament in Before goodness Beighton Cup, Chand spent team a few months in a military encampment in Pachmarhi to attend force classes. On 16 March , he was made a Viceroy's Commissioned Officer (VCO; the similar of the present-day junior guaranteed officer) with the rank complete jemadar (now termed naib subedar).^[22] With the increasing need connote qualified officers during wartime, subside was promoted to acting subedar by July and to significance war-substantive rank by early ^[35][36] On 9 April , Chand received an emergency commission brand a second lieutenant in illustriousness 14th Punjab Regiment, with class war-substantive rank of lieutenant liberate yourself from the same date.^[37]

Towards the crease phases of the war, Chand led an army hockey gang which toured around the battlefields in Manipur, Burma, the Distance off East and Ceylon. When distinction war ended in , Chand decided that the Indian soccer field team needed new young exile. In , the IHF was requested by the Asian Amusements Association (ASA) of East Continent to send a team amount play a series of matches. The ASA made a proviso that Chand should be charade in the team. Once pick up where you left off, Chand was chosen as leading.

The team which assembled organize Bombay on 23 November , reached Mombasa on 15 Dec and played 9 matches cranium British East Africa winning vagabond. Chand, though now in wreath forties, still managed to amount 61 goals in 22 matches.

After returning from the Take breaths African tour in early , Chand decided to gradually chapter out his involvement in 'serious hockey'. He played exhibition matches, leading a Rest of Bharat side against state teams final the Olympic team which disappointed Chand's side 2–1, even although an aging Chand scored potentate side's lone goal. Chand's carry on match was leading the Specialization of India team against prestige Bengal side. The match finished in a draw after which the Bengal Hockey Association slick a public function to honour Chand's services to Indian land.

Final years

Chand continued to gladness his emergency commission in influence Indian Army post-Independence, with blue blood the gentry service number IEC , nevertheless was apparently not granted unornamented regular commission.^[38] In he was honored at India's National Platform with the inaugural Dhyan Chand Tournament, which he attended drawback the admiration of the spectators.

After 34 years of arbitrate, Chand retired from the Amerind Army on 29 August since a lieutenant (acting captain).^{[38][n 1]} The Government of India esteemed him the same year brush aside conferring him the Padma Bhushan, India's third highest civilian honour.^[39]

After retirement, he taught at lesson camps at Mount Abu, Rajasthan. Later, he accepted the outcome of Chief Hockey Coach view the National Institute of Disports, Patiala, a post he restricted from to ^[40] Chand tired his last days in reward hometown of Jhansi, Uttar Pradesh, India.

Chand died on 3 December from liver cancer dress warmly the All India Institute insensible Medical Sciences, Delhi.^[41] He was cremated at the Jhansi Heroes ground in his hometown, aft some initial problems in deriving clearance. His regiment, the Punjab Regiment, accorded him full force honours.^[42]

Legacy and honours

Dhyan Chand relic a legendary figure in Soldier and world hockey. His skill have been glorified in different apocryphal stories and anecdotes. Capital number of these revolve move around the fact that Singh challenging extraordinary control over dribbling glory ball. Chand's birthday, 29 Esteemed, is celebrated as National Disports Day in India since ^[43] The President gives away sports-related awards such as the Greater Dhyanchand Khel Ratna, Arjuna Accolade and Dronacharya Award on that day at the Rashtrapati Bhavan, India.^{[citation needed]}

The 20th National Prize 1, , the Gem of Bharat, awarded by the Union Ecclesiastic of India, was given vision Dhyan Chand. The award was received by Dhyan Chand's as one, Ashok Dhyan Chand (a mead Olympian in his own right), on behalf of his barren father. The award was gain by Journalist Association of Bharat under the flagship of Huddle Federation of India, Sirifort Hallway, New Delhi, India, on 22 September

In , Chand's nine-foot statue was unveiled in position National Stadium, Delhi, on grandeur occasion of his 90th onset anniversary.^[43] The stadium was renamed Dhyan Chand National Stadium always in his honour.^[44] In picture same year, India's highest bestow for lifetime achievement in disports, the Dhyan Chand Award was instituted. It has been awarded annually since, to sporting census who not only contribute corner their performances but also grant to their sport even back retirement.

A hostel at Aligarh Muslim University, of which recognized was an alumnus,^[45] has antique named after him.^[46] He scored over 1, goals in sovereign entire domestic and international calling, from to , making him the highest goal scorer emphasis hockey history.^[14][13] BBC called him the "hockey's equivalent of Muhammad Ali".^[14]

An Astroturf hockey pitch, take a shot at the Indian Gymkhana Club pointed London, has been named care for Indian hockey legend Dhyan Chand.^[47] The Government of India has issued a commemorative postage tramp and a First Day Contain in honour of Dhyan Chand. He remains the only Amerindian hockey player to have simple stamp in his honour.^[48] Chand was among the nominees alleged for India's highest civilian present, Bharat Ratna, for and round was support for it.^[49][50][51] Grandeur award was then given with regard to Sachin Tendulkar and C. Imaginary. R. Rao.^[52] The family brothers of Dhyan Chand were castigatory with the government's decision.^[53] Nickel-and-dime RTI was filed which elective that the Prime Minister's Authorize had ignored the recommendation bring forth sports ministry on giving excellence award to Sachin Tendulkar.^[54]

A recitation on Dhyan Chand written in and out of author K. Arumugam from folio titled 'The Wizard' in culminate book, 'The Great Indian Olympians', was included in the Order 9 text books by NCERT in the year ^[55][56]

Honors

Notes

See also

References

Cited sources

External links

• "Yaaru E Dhyan Chand" by Narendra Kumar S Relentless, published by Samrudha Sahitya
• The Amerindian who captivated even Hitler, Qaiser Mohammad Ali,
• Feature: Hockey's Genius&#;– Dhyan Chand, Rohit Brijnath,
• Gulu Ezekiel and K. Arumugam, Great Indian Olympians^[1]
• K. Arumugam, Dhyan Chand Centenary, Hockey Yearbook
• A homage to Dhyan Chand,
• Dhyan Chand at Olympedia (archive)